"A Melodious Dialogue in the Moonlight" is a late Romantic serenade in G minor. It is built on imitative themes, but the syncopated rhythms and chromatic harmonies are characteristically Brazilian. Beginning as a conversation between the instruments, it soon becomes a swaying tango. After the discussion slowly grinds to a halt, chromatically descending arpeggios return to the opening theme. An unrelenting rhythmic drive in the euphonium part leads the duo back into the dance, finishing with a whirling final spin. Medium difficult